X?
Test:Shane
Once upon a time, when I was at the The 2nd Guangzhou Triennial of Art, I noticed two ladies standing in front of one of the photographic works, discussing the gender of the figure in the photo. Male or Female? That was really a problem. Quite an interesting phenomenon, isn’t it? We have always been used to being content with superficial understanding of life. However, now we feel obligated to stop and try to figure out this 23rd pair of chromosome. X? It seems quite common to us but at this moment, it gives out a mysterious smell. It is quite ambiguous but at the same time rather incisive, so that we can’t help being thrown into the inexplicable embarrassment by this photograph when standing in front of it. In this way, Mr. Jiang Zhi lensed this full-of-metaphor picture which said “Dead end”, when most people have got used to covering the concept of sex by means of anatomical theories, depending on secondary sex characteristics.
彼时看广州三年展,见到两位女士对着“尘世间/同体”讨论了很久,内容有关照片中人物的性别归属——男或女,这是个问题。一个很有意思的现象。我们雾里看花于众生万象,此刻也不得不停下脚来图谋着辨清这第23对染色体,X?它司空见惯却在此刻突然显得玄机重重,它如此暧昧也过分尖锐,以致于站在摄影作品前的我们不知不觉中便被导入尴尬之境并不知所措。这般,当人们习惯于依靠“第二性征”,并以解剖学性别涵盖性别概念的所有内容时,蒋志用相机拍下了充满隐喻的“此路不通”。
Surrounded by thick fog, the people in the photo all have a calm face. It is said that among them, there are bank clerks, fashion designers, dancers from gay bars, boss of design companies, etc. In daily life they are of no difference between any other people, but now, what is pointed out in an unusual way, is a group they all belong to, Cross-gender.
隔着浓雾相片里的人神色坦荡。据蒋志说他们其中有银行职员、著名服装设计师、同性恋酒吧里的舞者、设计公司老板……他们在日常生活中扮演与旁人无异的社会角色,而此刻被喧嚣地提出的,是他们共同指向的一类人群——跨性人。
Cross-gender has a wide definition. It includes Cross-dressing, Transgender, Transsexual, Transvestite, Drag, Intersexual, T Lesbian, CC Gay, etc. We should admit it is Cross-gender that opens the gate of sexual diversity, and raises our doubt on the application of dualism in distinguishing gender. But in fact, most people haven’t even heard of this concept, or they only perceive it as a kind of illness or addiction. I remember when chatting with a friend, he expressed his discontent with these contemptuous phrases, and brought forward a new version of translation, “social gender translation”, which I thought was more suitable. It is said that the translation “Cross-gender” came from academe in Taiwan, and both my friend and I accept it to a large extent. Seen from those insulting translations, it’s quite easy to infer the attitude of, both academe and ordinary people, towards Cross-genders. Moreover, these morbid definitions will inevitably lead the public into a negative first impression on this group of people.
跨性别的概念很广,包括Cross-dressing(易装者)、Transgender(从本体上到达理想的雌雄同体境界的跨性别者)、Transsexual(变性人)、Transvestite(扮异性者)、Drag(反串秀者)、Intersexual(雌雄同体、中性者)、阳刚T(女同性恋中较为男性化者)、CC Gay(男同性恋中较为女性化者)等等。应该说,是它打开了性多元的大门,对性别的二元区分提出深刻质疑。这个概念在大多数人的意识里甚至不曾染指,或又以“异性症”、“异性癖”等面目出现。曾经与某友聊天中提及此,他对“症”与“癖”字眼的滥用非常不满,并提出一种我更为赞同的译法“社会性别调换”,而“跨性人”的译法似出自台湾学界,私以为巧妙非常,朋友也大为认同。从如是种种翻译中不难看出无论学术界还是普通大众对跨性人的本质态度,而那种以带有病态意味的字眼定义,不可避免地将公众导向一种先入为主的否定态度。
The term “Cross-gender” has clearly defined this kind of vague gender in people’s eyes. In parallel with Male and Female, this independent third sexual identity had come into existence after broken the unilateral definition of physiological sex and brought in the theory of psychological sex. Dated back to the ancient times, the phenomenon of Cross-gender is neither abnormality nor pathological changes. “Cross-genders are not pretending to be men or women; instead, they are just rejecting the fact that they can only be men or women. They never suffer from illness of sexual identity confusion; instead, they are just actively building their own sexual characteristics. “(He Chunrui, < Call Me Cross-gender>). I had suggested Mr. Jiang adding some brief introductions to the people in the photograph, so that, presuming the audience have understood the basic concept of physiological sex, they can now put more emphasis upon psychological sex and have a deeper thought about Cross-gender. At that time I was just trying to make the photograph better understood, but then I realized that if he did so, the integrated concept of Cross-gender would be blurred, which would greatly decrease the impact of the photo on people’s minds.
跨性,清楚定义了这个人们眼里暧昧的性别。它与男性、女性概念并列,是打破生理性别片面定义引入心理性别后全然区分而出的第三种性别,并不从属于男女性别中任何一种。它古已有之,不是畸态不是病变。“跨性人不是假装男人、假装女人,他们是拒绝只做男人或只做女人。他们不是患了性别认同错乱症,他们只是积极地主动建构自身的性别表现而已”(何春蕤,《叫我跨性人》)。我曾建议蒋志对相片里的人做简单介绍,人们可以在了解生理性别的基础上将关注点投向心理性别,审视跨性的概念。彼时是出于可以更清楚地解剖作品的想法,后来又细想,倘若如此,跨性概念的完整性便可能随之模糊,作品独立错愕的观念冲击力怕要大打折扣了。
The foggy effect of the photo has left a vivid impression in my brain, so here I would like to make an implicit interpretation. Through the thick fog, what have we seen? Or rather, what haven’t we seen? Of all that is seen, how much is correct and how much is wrong? With our obscure comprehension building on the base of traditional perspective, stubborn application of dualism in sex recognition and various opinions of the academe, how much equality and objectivity is still in our attitude, and how much inexplicable sympathy is still in our hearts? The Cross-genders are gradually demonized in public eyes: vicious titles imposed on them like ”bugger” or ”queer” have been making them tired of explaining, unilateral news reports have been widely propagating rumors about them in the form of media violence, the public are even led to the ridiculous belief that homosexuality equals AIDS. Actually, it is all the above that have resulted in the intensely concentrating fog surrounded them, which leave them hesitating in every pair of seeking eyes thus being force to hide deeper and deeper beyond the fog, in search of a more peaceful life.
相片采取雾化效果的表达非常吸引我,私自理解作一次隐晦的描述。我们透过层层障障缭绕的雾气究竟看到了什么,没看到什么,又究竟看对看错了多少呢?我们模糊的了解总是架构在传统观念、顽固的性别二元主义与学术界众说纷纭的基础上,我们旁观的姿态又有多少平等和客观,以及多少怀着莫名悲悯之心的自做多情?在世俗的眼光里他们被逐渐妖魔化,种种恶意的称呼如“人妖”“变态”让跨性人群疲于辩白,片面的报道以媒体暴力的形式将各种片面论断广为传播,这其中就导致有大众观念中同性恋与爱滋病几乎等同的观念误区。事实上,也正是以上种种一手制造了这遮天蔽日的浓深大雾,令跨性人在每一束探究的目光里升沉未决,也令他们在这种升沉未决中更为迫切的隐没进浓雾深处以寻求更为安宁的生存空间。
After chatting with some dancers from gay bars, I felt the deep helplessness in their hearts. There is little anger, and they are quite content with their current underground lives. Compared to western countries, there are less religious obstacles in China, but the domestic Cross-gender group still needs more time to cultivate a more active protective atmosphere, as well as a relatively formal propagating method. I have heard of a “Cheng Du Homosexuality Caring Team” in which one of my friends participated. The team is organized by a group of homosexual people, in order to help the “homosexual community” in AIDS prevention and cure, and to popularize the relevant information in a formal and effective way. But as a matter of fact, in China such approach is still rarely seen, and whenever the propagandizing goes wrong, there can be results of opposing effects. Still I am not sure whether the above efforts in various ways have achieved the aim of increasing the public acceptance to homosexuality. Although nowadays it’s common to see reports about the lives of sexual minority groups, yet a significant proportion of them are for novelty seeking, lacking sincerely and thoroughly understanding of the group. Thus the information delivered to the public is so shallow that people will just get used to this kind of disparate living style, while the “acceptance” achieved only means that the public will now recognize them as a deviant group, not a normal one. No doubt, this seemingly wider and wider “acceptance”, comes from the fleer in traditional perspective as well as the submerged reef in the fight for sexual freedom.
在与一些同性恋酒吧里的舞者的接触中,感觉到他们在这样一个大环境里少的是愤怒多的是无奈,也颇为安于这种“地下”的生活方式。相较于西方国家,中国的宗教阻力很小,而国内跨性群体仍需要时间慢慢形成更为积极的捍卫氛围,和相对正式的宣传途径。我曾了解到一个朋友参与的“成都同志关爱小组”,是一个由同性恋人群自己承担的针对“同志社区”开展爱滋病防治工作的组织,服务同志群体的同时也以一种正规有效的方式对大众普及相关信息。而事实上,在中国这样的宣传途径仍然为数极少,当一些宣传方式出现偏差,其结果可能适得其反。而关于种种方式所做出的努力是否真的达到了在本质上提高公众接受度的目的,我始终持观望态度。如今有关性少数生活状态的咨讯并不罕见,但其中有不低的比例仅仅是出于猎奇目的或粗浅描摹,缺乏真正诚恳的深入了解所以信息的传达只能流于表面,而流于表面的结果是让人们从感性上习惯一种另类的生存方式,其达到的“接受度”不是观念上对这类人群“正常”“无异”的认同,而是将之以“非正常”的形式接受。这种看似愈来愈广的“接受度”,无异于来自传统观念的冷嘲与性权利自由斗争中的暗礁。
With man still ruling the world and feminism restricted in the sexual dualism, sexual minorities represented by Cross-genders, become the real weak groups in the society. But if the public is neglecting the concept of gender in more and more fields, should a society without gender consideration be a more ideal future for sexual diversity? I can’t justify this assumption. However, what I can say is that, only when the public have realized the difference between Cross-genders and themselves is no more special than the distinction between a left-handed person and a right-handed person, can we fully understand the excessively solitary uproar in the lives of the people beyond thick fog, and their exclusive pride.
男权社会仍占主导地位,女性主义仍狭隘地界定于性别二元的约束中时,以跨性人为代表的性少数人群成为真正的弱势群体。而倘若社会在更多的领域对性别概念予以忽略,一个无性别意识的环境是否是性多元发展的更理想空间?对于这个设想我无法定论,只道当人们发现所谓跨性人与己差别不过是如惯用左右手般简单平常,我们便也可了解此刻这浓雾背后的人们,正经营着一种怎样过于孤独的喧嚣,和在万丈浮尘里惊艳盛放的骄傲。